FLASH CARDS

1.09 Install and configure laptop hardware and components

  • Laptop

  • A portable computer designed with specialized hardware that can run on battery or AC power, with some components upgradeable or replaceable.

  • Hand Tools and Parts

  • Precision screwdrivers are needed for laptops due to smaller screws. Organizing screws and documenting disassembly steps (like taking photos) are essential for proper reassembly.

  • Service Documentation

  • Manufacturer's instructions on disassembly, part replacement, and reassembly of laptops to avoid damage and ensure proper handling of components.

  • AC Adapter

  • Converts AC power from an outlet into DC voltage for laptops. Universal adapters operate on 110-240 VAC. Incorrect voltage can damage the laptop.

  • Battery Power

  • Laptops use removable, rechargeable Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery packs, typically lasting 2–3 years. Proper power management and storage can extend battery life.

  • Field-Replaceable Units (FRUs)

  • Laptop components that are easily replaceable in the field, such as RAM, storage drives, and adapter cards, often accessible through a screw plate on the laptop's underside.

  • SODIMM (Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Module)

  • A type of RAM used in laptops, designed to fit specific slots and pop up at a 45º angle for easy installation or removal.

  • Adapter Cards

  • Cards such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and SSDs in formats like Mini PCIe, mSATA, and M.2, which can be upgraded or replaced through screw-down panels.

  • Disk Migration

  • The process of transferring data from an old drive to a new one using a backup image or cloning software. The new drive must be the same size or larger.

  • M.2 Interface

  • A type of adapter card interface for SSDs that uses the PCI Express bus, available in different lengths, with 2280 (22mm width, 80mm length) being the most common for laptops.

  • Keyboard and Touchpad Replacement

  • Replacing these parts may involve partial to full disassembly. They are connected to the motherboard via flat ribbon cables secured with delicate latches.

  • Biometric Security Components

  • Sensors like fingerprint scanners and facial recognition cameras integrated into laptops to enhance security, configured using software like Windows Hello.

  • NFC Scanner (Near-Field Communication Scanner)

  • Integrated into laptops for pairing devices or connecting smartphones, requiring both a data and an antenna connection to the motherboard.

  • External Storage Upgrades

  • Upgrading or replacing laptop storage typically involves planning for data transfer, backup, and understanding the specific form factor and connector requirements.