FLASH CARDS

4.05 Perform OS installations and upgrades in a diverse OS environment

  • Clean Install

  • Installing the OS on a new computer or completely replacing the OS on an existing computer, which involves repartitioning and reformatting the target disk, deleting all existing data and settings.

  • In-place Upgrade

  • Installing a new version of the OS over an existing one, preserving user data, settings, and third-party applications.

  • Hardware Compatibility

  • Ensuring that the computer's CPU, chipset, and RAM meet the minimum requirements for the new OS.

  • Application and Driver Compatibility

  • Checking if current applications and device drivers are compatible with the new OS version before upgrading.

  • Upgrade Advisor

  • A tool provided by some OS vendors to check if a computer's hardware and software will be compatible with a new OS version.

  • Backup Files and Preferences

  • Creating a backup of important files and settings before performing an OS upgrade or installation to ensure data recovery if needed.

  • Unattended Installation

  • An OS installation method using a script or configuration file to automate the setup process without user intervention.

  • Answer File

  • A script used in Windows unattended installations to provide the necessary information and settings during the OS setup process.

  • Image Deployment

  • Using a cloned copy of an existing OS installation, saved as a single file, to perform unattended installations on multiple machines.

  • Optical Media Boot

  • Booting from a CD-ROM or DVD to perform an OS installation, requiring the optical drive to be set as the priority boot device.

  • USB Boot

  • Using a USB flash drive or external drive to boot the computer for OS installation, often preferred for its ability to include updated drivers and patches.

  • Network Boot (PXE)

  • Booting the computer from a network server using a Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE)-compliant firmware and network adapter.

  • Internet-Based Boot

  • Booting to an OS setup process over the Internet, requiring network configuration and potentially downloading updates during installation.

  • Internal Hard Drive Boot

  • Setting the internal hard drive as the priority boot device after OS installation to prevent booting from external setup media again.

  • Recovery Partition

  • A partition created by OEMs to restore the OS to its original factory state, typically used when the main OS installation is corrupted or fails to boot.

  • Refresh (Windows)

  • A Windows repair option that recopies system files and reverts most system settings to defaults, while preserving user data and Windows Store apps.

  • Reset (Windows)

  • A Windows repair option that deletes the existing OS, all apps, settings, and user data, preparing the system for a fresh OS installation.

  • Master Boot Record (MBR)

  • An older partition style that supports up to four primary partitions and is compatible with legacy BIOS boot mode.

  • GUID Partition Table (GPT)

  • A modern partition style that supports more than four primary partitions and larger partition sizes, requiring UEFI boot mode.

  • Drive Formatting

  • The process of preparing a disk partition with a file system compatible with the OS, such as NTFS for Windows, APFS for macOS, or ext4 for Linux.

  • mbr2gpt Utility

  • A Windows utility that converts an existing MBR disk to a GPT disk without data loss, requiring a backup and switching the firmware to UEFI boot mode afterward.

  • Slipstreamed Media

  • Installation media that includes all the latest patches, drivers, and updates, reducing post-installation tasks.

  • Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE)

  • A network environment that allows computers to boot from a server without local storage, often used for network-based OS installations.

  • System Partition

  • The partition that contains the boot loader in Windows; also known as the "system reserved" partition.